ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função do membro superior e a qualidade de vida de pacientes que sofreram lesão traumática do cotovelo, submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico e de reabilitação. MÉTODOS: Por meio de um estudo transversal, 22 pacientes tratados cirurgicamente pelo Grupo de Cirurgia do Ombro e Cotovelo da UNIFESP e reabilitados no Lar Escola São Francisco, setor de Terapia Ocupacional, serviço de Terapia da Mão e Membro Superior, foram avaliados com os questionários Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) e SF-36 Short-Form. RESULTADOS: O escore médio do DASH foi 31,36. O resultado médio dos domínios do SF-36 foi 60,32 para capacidade funcional, 27,05 para aspecto físico, 59,19 para dor, 66,99 para estado de saúde geral, 59,95 para vitalidade, 73,75 para aspecto social, 38,18 para aspecto emocional e 62,43 para saúde mental. A correlação entre o DASH e o SF-36 obteve índice estatisticamente significante nos domínios aspecto físico (p<0,008), vitalidade (p<0,034) e aspecto social (p<0,029). Os resultados do DASH não obtiveram índices estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com lesão traumática do cotovelo são capazes de desempenhar as atividades de rotina, mas apresentam algum grau de redução na função do membro acometido e comprometimento na qualidade de vida. Nível de Evidência V, Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate upper limb function and quality of life of patients who have suffered from traumatic elbow lesion, submitted to surgical treatment and rehabilitation. METHODS: Through a transversal study, 22 patients diagnosed with traumatic elbow lesion, treated surgically by the UNIFESP Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Group and rehabilitated at Lar Escola São Francisco, Occupational Therapy division, Hand and Upper Limb Therapy service, were evaluated using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and SF-36 Short-Form questionnaires. Results: The average DASH score was 31.36. The average result of the SF-36 domains was 60.32, for functional capacity; 27.05 for the physical aspect; 59.19, for pain; 66.99 for general health; 59.95 for vitality; 73.75 for the social aspect; 38.18 for the emotional aspect and 62.43 for mental health. The results of the DASH were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Patients with elbow traumatic lesion are capable of carrying out daily activities, but show some level of reduced function of the damaged limb and impaired quality of life. Level of Evidence V, Therapeutic Studies investigating the results of treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Elbow/surgery , Elbow/physiology , Elbow/injuries , Quality of Life , Occupational Therapy/methods , Activities of Daily LivingABSTRACT
The anconeus is a small muscle situated at the elbow. Although the anconeus is active during elbow extension its importance for the movement is probably small. It could work as an elbow stabilizer. The object of this study was to investigate some anatomic and architectural characteristics of the anconeus, in the hope of shedding light on its function. We studied twenty adult cadaveric specimens. The anconeus originates by the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts along the proximal ulna. The superficial shape of the anconeus is triangular. Tridimensionally the anconeus resembles a hemisected rectangular-based pyramid, with the base at the ulna and apex at the lateral epicondyle. The muscle fibers arise obliquely from the tendinous expansion and inserts at the ulna. Thus, the architecture of the anconeus is penniform, an architecture able to produce more force then displacement. The design index of 0.3 also suggests a force muscle.
El ancóneo es un pequeño músculo situado en la región del codo. Aunque el músculo ancóneo es activo durante la extensión del codo su importancia para este movimiento es probablemente pequeña. Podría actuar como estabilizador del codo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar algunas características anatómicas y arquitectónicas del músculo ancóneo, con la esperanza de lanzar una cierta luz en su función. Estudiamos 20 cadáveres de adultos. El músculo ancóneo se origina al lado del epicóndilo lateral y se inserta en la ulna. La forma superficial del músculo ancóneo es triangular. Tridimensionalmente, el músculo ancóneo se asemeja a la mitad de una pirámide de base rectangular, con la base en la ulna y el ápice lateral al epicóndilo lateral. Sus fibras musculares describen un trayecto oblicuo con una extensión tendinosa que se insertan en la ulna. Por lo tanto, la arquitectura del músculo ancóneo es peniforme, una arquitectura conveniente para producir mayor fuerza con el desplazamiento. El índice de diseño de 0,3 también lo sugiere como un músculo de fuerza.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Elbow/anatomy & histology , Elbow/physiology , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Muscles/physiology , Forearm/anatomy & histology , Forearm/physiology , CadaverABSTRACT
Es bastante frecuente el acceso a las venas superficiales de la fosa cubital, siendo uno de los sitios más utilizados para punción venosa. Aunque es un procedimiento simple, es invasivo y a veces doloroso. La disposición de las venas superficiales de la región cubital ha sido descrita por numerosos autores y en diversos grupos étnicos, describiéndose variaciones y diversas padronizaciones. Las venas superficiales de la fosa cubital se han descrito formando una M, N, Y y W. Numerosos estudios, en distintas razas y grupos étnicos han demostrado similitudes y diferencias en la disposición de las venas superficiales de la fosa cubital. En 1908 Berry & Newton determinaron que en el 83% de los hombres británicos la vena cefálica del antebrazo (VCA) y la vena basílica del antebrazo (VB A) eran conectadas por la vena mediana del codo (VMCo). Okamoto (1922) en hombres japoneses, determinó 3 Tipos de padrones venosos: Tipo I donde la VCA origina la VMCo, no existe la vena cefálica accesoria del antebrazo (VCAA), y la VCA no se duplica; Tipo II, caracterizado por la duplicación de la VCA y un Tipo III, que incluye la VCAA que drena en la VCA. En hombres blancos y negros Charles (1932) señaló que la distribución más frecuente (cerca de 70% de los casos), era aquella donde la VCA y la VB A eran conectadas por la VMCo. Soller et al. (1962, 1964) en africanos de África Occidental, distinguieron tres tipos de formaciones venosas. Grupo I. Disposición clásica, tipos en M o aparentes (38,1%). Grupos II y III descritas como disposiciones de tipo embrionario constituyen el 62% de los casos. Halim & Abdi (1974) en hindúes, observaron tres tipos: 1) Tipo I. La VCA y la VBA son conectadas por la VMCo; Tipo II. La VCA drena en la VBA; la vena mediana del antebrazo (VMA) drena en la VCA. Tipo III. No existe comunicación entre la VCA y la VBA en la fosa cubital y la subdividen en Tipos IIIA y III B. Wasfi et al. (1986) describieron ...
Access of the cubital fossa to the superficial veins is very frequent, this being one of the most frequent vein puncture sites. Although it is a simple procedure, it is invasive and at times painful. The disposition of the superficial veins of the cubital area has been described by numerous authors and in diverse ethnic groups, describing many variations and various patterning. The superficial veins of the cubital fossa have been independently described, forming an M, N, Y or W. Numerous studies in different races and ethnic groups have demonstrated similarities and differences in the disposition of the superficial veins of the cubital fossa. In 1908 Berry & Newton determined that in 83% of British men the cephalic vein of the forearm (CVF) and the basilic vein of the forearm (BVF) were connected by the median cubital vein (MCV) Okamoto (1922) in Japanese men, determined 3 types of venous patterns. Type I where the CVF originates the MCV, the accessory cephalic vein (ACV) does not exist, and the (CVF) does not duplicate; Type II is characterized by the duplication of the CVF and a Type III, that includes the ACV which drains in the CVF. In white and black men Charles (1932) indicated that the most frequent distribution (nearly 70% of the cases), was that where the CVF and the BFV were connected by the MCV. Soller et al. (1962, 1964) in Africans from West Africa, distinguished three types of venous formations. Group I classic dispositions, types in M or apparent (38.1%) Groups II and III described as dispositions of the embryological type constitute 62% of the cases. Halim & Abdi (1974) observed 3 types in Hindus types: 1) Type I. The CVF and the BVF are connected by the MCV; Type II. The CVF drains in the BVF: the median vein of the forearm (MVF) drains in the CVF. Type III. There is no communication between the CVF and the BFV in the cubital fossa and it is subdivided in Types III A and III B. Wasfi et al. (1986) described ...
Subject(s)
Humans , Arm/anatomy & histology , Arm/blood supply , Elbow/anatomy & histology , Elbow/physiology , Elbow/blood supply , Brachiocephalic Veins/anatomy & histology , Brachiocephalic Veins/embryology , Brachiocephalic Veins/physiology , Anthropology, Physical/history , Anthropology, Physical/methods , Ethnicity/genetics , Ethnicity/history , Punctures/methods , Axillary Vein/anatomy & histology , Axillary Vein/embryology , Venae Cavae/anatomy & histology , Venae Cavae/embryologyABSTRACT
This study proposes a new method for measuring upper limb movement using a bio-impedance technique. Bio-impedance and joint angle were simultaneously measured during the wrist and elbow movements of 12 normal subjects. The joint angles of the wrist and elbow were estimated by measuring the bio-impedances of the forearm and upper arm, respectively. Although the measured bio-impedances on upper limbs varied among individuals, changes in the bio-impedances and joint angles of the wrist and elbow during their extension and flexion were very highly correlated, having correlation coefficients of 0.96 +/- 0.04 and -0.98 +/- 0.02, respectively. The reproducibilities of wrist and elbow bio-impedance changes were 2.1 +/- 1.0% and 1.8 +/- 1.0%, respectively. Since the proposed method is not restricted by size or the duration of measurements, it is expected to be useful for the analysis of athletic movement.
Subject(s)
Humans , Elbow/physiology , Electric Impedance , Movement , Reproducibility of Results , Wrist/physiologyABSTRACT
La información actual sobre la aparición de los centros de osificación proviene de la literatura anglosajona, la cual refiere que la aparición de centros de osificación en el húmero distal es de la siguiente manera: capitelum antes del año de edad, pero puede verse retrasado hasta los 18-24 meses; el epicóndilo medial entre los cinco y seis años de edad; la tróclea alrededor de los nueve a 10 años de edad; el epicóndilo lateral, que es el último en osificarse, entre los 10 a 12 años de edad; radio proximal entre los 3.8 y 4.5 años de edad; olécranon entre los seis y ocho años de edad. Se estudiaron 240 codos, y se ordenaron en seis grupos de acuerdo a su edad de aparición. Se les practicaron radiografías anteroposterior y lateral de codo, encontrando retraso en la aparición del olécranon y la epitróclea. Nuestras observaciones clínicas indican que la aparición de estos centros de osificación se ve retrasada en el niño mexicano.